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- <text id=89TT0696>
- <title>
- Mar. 13, 1989: First Aid For The Ozone Layer
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Endangered Earth Updates
- Mar. 13, 1989 Between Two Worlds:Middle-Class Blacks
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ENVIRONMENT, Page 50
- First Aid for the Ozone Layer
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>The movement to ban CFCs is starting to roll
- </p>
- <p> The U.S. has long been able to claim the moral high ground
- in the campaign to stamp out chlorofluorocarbons, the chemicals
- that destroy the atmosphere's protective ozone layer. After
- all, America banned CFCs from spray cans more than a decade ago.
- And U.S. manufacturers are among the world's leaders in finding
- environmentally acceptable substitutes for CFCs, which are used
- as coolants and blowing agents for making plastic foam.
- </p>
- <p> But last week it was the twelve nations of the European
- Community that took the lead in dealing with the threat to the
- ozone. In a surprise step, environmental ministers meeting in
- Brussels agreed that their countries would reduce CFC production
- by 85% as soon as possible and try to ban the chemicals
- altogether by the end of the century. That goes far beyond the
- 1987 Montreal Protocol, ratified by the U.S. and 30 other
- nations, which pledged only a 50% reduction by 1999.
- </p>
- <p> The E.C.'s move galvanized the U.S. into action. President
- George Bush quickly called for a phaseout of all CFC production
- in the U.S. by the year 2000, if adequate substitutes can be
- found. Senator Al Gore, a Tennessee Democrat, introduced a bill
- in Congress requiring the U.S. to phase out all CFCs in five
- years.
- </p>
- <p> The reason politicians are acting so swiftly on the CFC
- problem may be that the threat is indisputable. Strong evidence
- of the effect emerged in 1985, when British researchers
- announced the existence of a seasonal "hole" in the ozone layer
- over Antarctica. That was worrisome: ozone between ten miles
- and 30 miles up absorbs the sun's ultraviolet radiation, which
- has been linked to cataracts, skin cancers and weakened immune
- systems in humans and other animals, as well as to damage to
- plants. Data-gathering flights in the Antarctic in 1987 made
- the connection between CFCs and ozone destruction all but
- certain. After a similar expedition through Arctic skies last
- month, scientists said conditions are ripe for a similar hole
- to develop over the northern regions this spring.
- </p>
- <p> That prospect helped jolt the Europeans into moving on the
- CFC issue. And at a London conference on the ozone issue this
- week, E.C. ministers will try to persuade other nations to
- adopt the CFC ban. High on the lobbying list: developing
- countries, such as India and China, that are just starting to
- mass-produce refrigerators and other CFC-using products.
- </p>
- <p> If the idea of politicians as leaders in the ecology
- movement seems strange, even more surprising is who agreed to be
- the closing speaker at the London conference: Margaret Thatcher.
- Though she has long been accused of being insensitive to
- environmental issues, the Prime Minister promised last week that
- Britain will push manufacturers to eliminate
- chlorofluorocarbons from new refrigerators--evidence that
- these days even the most conservative leaders are worried about
- the environment.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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